The formation of the fuel layer in a gas generator mainly includes three processes: fuel addition, distribution and stratification.

       1. Fuel (such as coal, coke, etc.) is added into the furnace through a mechanical feeding device. The fuel needs to be crushed and screened first to ensure a moderate particle size, generally controlled at around 20 - 50 mm, to ensure breathability and reaction rate. The feeding methods include intermittent feeding and continuous feeding. Continuous feeding is beneficial to the stability and uniformity of the fuel layer.

       2. After the fuel is added, it accumulates at the bottom of the furnace under the action of gravity. The initial distribution is affected by the location and method of feeding. In order to achieve uniform distribution, a permanent distribution device, such as a rotary distributor, is installed to control the fuel distribution range and thickness by adjusting its speed and angle.

       3. As the gasification reaction proceeds, the fuel layer gradually forms a layered structure. From top to bottom there are drying layer, carbonization layer, reduction layer, oxide layer and ash layer. This is because the fuel is heated unevenly in the furnace and the gasification agent distribution and flow characteristics are different. The gasification agent enters from the bottom of the furnace and undergoes oxidation, reduction and other reactions with the fuel. The differences in temperature, composition and fuel state of each layer lead to stratification.

       The formation and stability of the fuel layer are very important to the gasification efficiency and gas quality of the gasifier, and the fuel addition and distribution process need to be strictly controlled.
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